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Chemical composition, antioxidant and larvicidal activity of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth) leaf extracts
Frank N. I. Morah1, Dickson N. Uduagwu2
1PhD, Professor of Natural Products Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Calabar, P.M.B, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
2MSc, Scholar, Chemistry Department, University of Calabar, PMB, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

Article ID: 100001P06FM2017
doi:10.5348/P06-2017-1-OA-1

Address correspondence to:
Frank N. I. Morah
Chemistry Department, University of Calabar
PMB 1115, Calabar, Cross River State,
Nigeria

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How to cite this article
Morah FNI, Uduagwu DN. Chemical composition, antioxidant and larvicidal activity of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth) leaf extracts. Edorium J Pharmacol 2017;1:1–8.


ABSTRACT

Aims: To determine the chemical constituents, antioxidant activity and insecticidal potential of Alchornea laxiflora leaf extracts.
Methods: The powdered dry leaf was Soxhlet-extracted with petroleum ether and the residue re-extracted with ethanol to give petroleum ether and ethanol extracts respectively. The chemical constituents were determined by GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH free-radical scavenging method. 25 Anopheles mosquito larvae were kept in each of the beakers containing different levels of the petroleum ether extract. The larvae were observed for a period of 96 h and the number of deaths recorded. From this the percentage mortality and probit mortality were calculated. The entire process was repeated for the ethanol extract.
Results: Thirty constituents were identified from the petroleum ether extract and seven from the ethanol extract. These include batulin, octadecane, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one, methyl hexadecanoate, heptatricotan-1-o1, ethyl iso-allocholate, rhodopin, glycocholic acid, dieicosyl oleate and ethyl linoleate. Both extracts have high antioxidant activity which is concentration dependent. Both extracts have higher antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid while the antioxidant activity of the petroleum ether extract is higher than that of the ethanol extract. The extracts also showed strong larvicidal activity against Anopheles mosquito larvae.
Conclusion: Alchornea laxiflora, Antioxidant activity, Anopheles mosquito, Chemical composition, Larvicidal activity

Keywords: Alchornea laxiflora, Anopheles mosquito, larvicidal activity, antioxidant activity, chemical composition


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Author Contributions
Frank N. I. Morah – Substantial contribution to the conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting of article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Dickson N. Uduagwu – Acquisition of data Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising the article critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of submission
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of support
None
Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright
© 2017 Frank N. I. Morah et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.